Drug absorption

Drug absorption

by | Oct 7, 2025 | Pharmacology

Before drugs can be clinically effective, they must be absorbed. Absorption is the process of a drug moving from its site of delivery into the bloodstream. The chemical composition of a drug, as well as the environment into which a drug is placed, work together to...
Drug absorption

Dose-response relationships

by | Oct 7, 2025 | Pharmacology

When the relation between drug dose (X-axis) and drug response (Y-axis) is plotted on a linear scale, the resulting curve is usually hyperbolic. Clinical responses that might be plotted in this way include change in heart rate, blood pressure, gastric pH or blood...
Drug absorption

Desensitisation and tachyphylaxis

by | Oct 7, 2025 | Pharmacology

Open All Desensitization Desensitization refers to the common situation where the biological response to a drug diminishes when it is given continuously or repeatedly. It may be possible to restore the response by increasing the dose (or concentration) of the drug...
Drug absorption

Other chemical mediators

by | Oct 7, 2025 | Pharmacology

There is wide variation in the structure and function of the different types of endogenous molecules which act as signal transmitters, from tiny gasses such as nitric oxide and carbon monoxide (sometimes referred to collectively as gasotransmitters), through...
Drug absorption

Peptides

by | Oct 7, 2025 | Pharmacology

Endogenous peptides and proteins include well characterized families of neuropeptide transmitters, neuropeptide modulators, hormones, and fragments of functional proteins, which are essential in many biological processes. The peptides exert potent biological actions...